Which of the following is an appropriate first aid measure for decompression sickness?

• A. Lie the victim down, maintain circulation and respiration, administer O2 if qualified to do so
• B. Stand the victim up and encourage movement
• C. Give only water and rest
• D. Apply cold compress and leave the victim alone

Answer: (A)

First aid for decompression sickness centers on keeping the diver still, ensuring breathing and circulation are intact, and delivering high-concentration oxygen as soon as possible. DCS occurs when inert gas forms bubbles in blood and tissues after a rapid ascent, and providing 100% oxygen helps shrink those bubbles, speeds off-gassing, and improves tissue oxygenation. Lay the person down to minimize movement, monitor airway and breathing, and administer oxygen if you are trained to do so. Then summon emergency medical help promptly for definitive treatment in a hyperbaric chamber. Avoid standing or moving the person, since movement can distribute bubbles and worsen symptoms; giving only water and rest won’t address the gas bubbles or hypoxia; and applying cold compresses or leaving the person unattended delays essential care.